Class 12th Alcohols, Phenols & Ethers Short Notes
Some Important Points
1. Alcohols
Based on number of –OH groups:
Monohydric: One –OH group → Ethanol
Dihydric: Two –OH groups → Ethylene glycol
Trihydric: Three –OH groups → Glycerol
Polyhydric: More than three –OH groups
Based on carbon attached to –OH:
1° Alcohol: R–CH₂–OH
2° Alcohol: R–CH(OH)–R
3° Alcohol: R₃C–OH
2. Phenols
Based on number of –OH groups:
Monohydric phenol: One –OH → Phenol
Dihydric phenol: Two –OH → Catechol
Trihydric phenol: Three –OH → Pyrogallol
3. Ethers
Based on groups attached to oxygen:
Symmetrical ether: R–O–R
Example: Diethyl ether
Unsymmetrical ether: R–O–R′
Example: Ethyl methyl ether
⭐ Remember:
Alcohol → R–OH | Phenol → Ar–OH | Ether → R–O–R′
Download Shorts Notes of Alcohols, Phenols & Ethers from the given link ----